A Novel 2.4-GHz Low-Profile Smart MIMO Antenna with Reconfigurable Frequency-Selective Reflectors
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this paper, a new low-profile smart multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is presented for WiFi IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax applications. The proposed compact 2.4-GHz antenna system employs two beam-switching antenna cells for MIMO operation. Each antenna cell is composed of four reconfigurable frequency-selective reflectors (RFSRs) and a one-to-four switching feeding network. The RFSRs are constructed using a one-wavelength metal loop resonator, which functions as a radiating antenna or a wave reflector to reflect beams along a specific direction, as controlled by the switching network. The feeding switching network utilizes PIN diodes to adjust the phase and impedance required for changing the operational status of each RFSR. The overall dimensions of the antenna system, including the metallic ground, are 120 mm ´ 120 mm ´ 9.5 mm. Moreover, the measured operational bandwidth of the 2.4-GHz antenna is approximately 100 MHz, and the radiation efficiency of each directed beam is 40%–70%.
Downloads
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
E.G. Larsson, O. Edfors, F. Tufvesson, T.L. Marzetta, Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems, IEEE Commun. Mag 52: 186−195, 2014.
S.-M. Wang, L.-T. Hwang, C.-Y. Hsu, F.-S. Chang, C.-F. Liu, A high port isolation MIMO antenna system for 2-6 GHz wide-band AP applications, Pro. ISAP, pp. 421−422, 2014
A. Ahmad, F.A. Tahir, Multiband MIMO antenna on variable-sized tablet PCs, Proc. APMC, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, pp. 612−615, 2017.
Z.-T. Wang, C.-J. Tsai, Compacted 8 MIMO antenna design for Wi-Fi AP, Progress in PIERS, Toyama, Japan, pp. 1978−1983, 2018.
M. Peng, H. Zou, Y. Li, M. Wang, G. Yang, An eight-port 5G/WLAN MIMO antenna array with hexa-band operation for mobile handsets, IEEE Int. Symp APS, Boston, USA, pp. 39−40, 2018.
R. Schlub, D.V. Thiel, Switched parasitic antenna on a finite ground plane with conductive sleeve, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 52: 1343-1347, 2004.
C. Laohapensaeng, C. Free, K.M. Lum, Printed strip monopole antenna with the parasitic elements on the circular ground plane, Proc. IWAT Int. Workshop, Singapore, pp. 371-374, 2005.
P. Ngamjanyaporn, C. Kittiyanpunya, M. Krairiksh, A switch-beam circular array antenna using pattern reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna for space communications, IEEE ISAP, Phuket, Thailand, 2017.
S. Zhang, G.H. Huff, J. Feng, J.T. Bernhard, A pattern reconfigurable microstrip parasitic array, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 52: 2773-2776, 2004.
T. Maruyama, T. Uesaka, S. Yamaguchi, M. Ohtsuka, H. Miyashita, Four-element array antenna based on pattern reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna with complementary parasitic elements, IEEE APCAP, Kuta, Indonesia, pp. 183−184, 2015.
L. Marantis, D. Rongas, A. Paraskevopoulos, C. O. Zachos, A Kanatas, Pattern reconfigurable ESPAR antenna for vehicle-to-vehicle communications, IET Antennas Propag 12: 280-286, 2018.
T. Aboufoul, C. Parini, X. Chen, A. Alomainy, Pattern reconfigurable planar circular ultra wideband monopole antenna, IEEE Antennas Propag 61: 4973-4980, 2013.
S. Gaya, R. Hussain, M.S. Sharawi, H. Attia, Pattern reconfigurable Yagi-Uda antenna with seven switchable beams for WiMAX application, Microwave and Optical Technology Letter 62: 1-6, 2019.
J. Ren, X. Yang, J. Yin, Y. Yin, A novel antenna with reconfigurable patterns using H-shaped structures, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 14: 1-6, 2019.
G. Yang, J. Li, D. Wei, S.-G. Zhou, R. Xu, Pattern reconfigurable microstrip antenna with multidirectional beam for wireless communication, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 67: 1910-1915, 2019.
M. Barba, J.E. Page, J.A. Encinar, J.R.M. Garai, A switchable multiple beam antenna for GSM-UMTS base stations in planar technology, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 54: 3087-3094, 2006.
R.C. Reinhart, S.K. Johnson, R.J. Acosta, S. Sands, Phase array antenna-based system degradation at wide scan angles, in Proc. PAST Int. Symp, Boston, MA, pp. 446-451, 2003.
C.A. Reddy, K.V. Janardhanan, K.K. Mukundan, K.S.V. Shenoy, Concept of an interlaced phased array for beam switching, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 38: 573-575, 1990.
R.-B. Hwang, Y.-J. Chang, M.-I. Lai, A low-cost electrical beam tilting base station antennas for wireless communication system, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 52: 115-121, 2004.
J.-S. Row, C.-W. Tsai, Pattern reconfigurable antenna array with circular polarization, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 64: 1525-1530, 2016.
C.-H. Ko, I.-Y. Tarn, S.-J. Chung, A compact dual-band pattern diversity Antennaby dual-band reconfigurable frequency-selective reflectors with a minimum number of switches, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 61: 646−654, 2013.
I-Y. Tarn, S.-J. Chung, A novel pattern diversity reflector antenna using reconfigurable frequency selective reflectors, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 57: 3035−3042, 2009.
M.-C. Tang, B. Zhou, Y. Duan, X. Chen, R.W. Ziolkowski, Pattern-reconfigurable flexible wideband directive electrically small near-field resonant parasitic antenna, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag 66: 2271−2280, 2018.
Z. Wu, M.-C. Tang, M. Li, R.W. Ziolkowski, Ultra-low-profile electrically small pattern-reconfigurable metamaterial-inspired Huygens dipole antenna, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., 2019.